Disclosure: The Iron Verdict may earn commissions from qualifying purchases at no extra cost to you. Learn more ->
Top Picks ->
Supplements Training Longevity Articles & Research Calculators About Research Methodology Affiliate Disclosure
Articles & Research

Scientific Content Hub

Evidence-based articles, research reviews and scientific summaries for fitness, supplementation and longevity.

Publication date: 2026-06-09Last updated: 2026-06-10Reading time: 4 min

Supplement Research

Research

Creatine Benefits Guide

Sports performance, dosage, timing, safety, sleep and practical recommendations.

Explore ->
Research

Beta-Alanine Guide

Sports performance, dosage, timing, safety, sleep and practical recommendations.

Explore ->
Research

Caffeine Benefits Guide

Sports performance, dosage, timing, safety, sleep and practical recommendations.

Explore ->
Research

Vitamin D3 + K2 Guide

Deficiency, dosage, K2 evidence, safety, athletes and product recommendations.

Explore ->
Research

Protein Supplementation

Daily protein targets, whey timing, muscle growth, fat loss and safe supplementation strategies.

Explore ->
Research

Electrolytes

Sodium, potassium, magnesium, sweat loss, cramps, endurance performance and hydration safety.

Explore ->

Training Research

Research

Muscle Growth

Hypertrophy mechanisms, training volume, progressive overload and practical programming.

Explore ->
Research

Strength

Maximal strength development, intensity, frequency, periodisation and peaking strategies.

Explore ->
Research

Recovery

Sleep, active recovery, deload strategies and optimising adaptation between sessions.

Explore ->
Research

Muscle Hypertrophy

Volume, intensity, training to failure, cardio interference, protein, creatine and recovery principles.

Explore ->
Research

Sports Hydration

Fluid intake, sweat rate, sodium, electrolytes, carbohydrates and heat performance strategies.

Explore ->
Research

Strength Training

Progressive overload, sets, reps, intensity, older adults and cardiovascular health considerations.

Explore ->
Research

Power Training

Rate of force development, load specificity, plyometrics, sprinting, jump training and periodization.

Explore ->
Research

Endurance Training

VO2max, lactate threshold, HIIT, polarized training, running economy and practical programming.

Explore ->
Research

Special Populations

Older adults, cardiac patients, type 2 diabetes, obesity, pregnancy and youth — dose and constraints.

Explore ->

Longevity Research

Scientific Dossier

#1 Predictor of Longevity

20.9M observations, 199 cohort studies. VO₂ max, grip strength, and effect sizes vs. smoking and diabetes — with limitations and practical takeaways.

Read Dossier ->
Evidence Review

Strength & All-Cause Mortality

3.1 million participants. HR 0.69. What handgrip strength and knee extension reveal about survival — and where the evidence is strong vs. where caveats apply.

Read Review ->
Evidence Review

Muscle Mass & Mortality Risk

RR 1.36–1.57 across 878,349 participants. OR 3.60 for sarcopenia. The science of how low muscle mass predicts longevity outcomes — and its measurement challenges.

Read Review ->
Evidence Review

Protein Intake for Older Adults

715,128 participants. 1.0–1.2 g/kg/day evidence target. Why the RDA is a floor, not an optimum — and how protein source shapes longevity outcomes.

Read Review ->
Research

Healthy Aging

Muscle mass, bone density, metabolic health and evidence-based strategies for longevity.

Explore ->
Research

Cognitive Health

Supplements, lifestyle and training interventions that support brain function and memory.

Explore ->
Research

Metabolic Health

Insulin sensitivity, body composition, cardiovascular risk and practical diet strategies.

Explore ->

Evidence Reviews

Research

Creatine Side Effects

Kidneys, hair loss, water retention, cramps and myths — what the evidence actually shows.

Explore ->

Scientific Summaries

Process

Research Methodology

How we evaluate evidence, select studies and translate science into practical recommendations.

Explore ->
Top Picks

Editor's Top Supplement Picks

The supplements our team returns to again and again — chosen for evidence quality, purity, and value.